Sobre los Backports
Los Backports de Debian son repositorios con paquetes recompilados en la mayoría de los casos provenientes de la rama Testing de Debian y en menores casos desde la rama inestable, trabajados de tal forma que permitan mantener nuestra distribución estable a pesar de incluir en nuestra instalación versiones de programas y paquetes recientes.
Los Backports no son probados tan extensivamente como Debian Stable, así que siempre puede existir riesgo de incompatibilidad con otros componentes de Debian Estable. Úselo con cuidado y bajo su propio riesgo.
La recomendación es seleccionar paquetes específicos de backports que necesitemos, no usar todos los paquetes disponibles.
– Añadir los repositorios Backports
Añade la siguiente linea en /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main
– Actualiza tus repositorios
root@vm-squeeze:~#apt-get update
o
root@vm-squeeze:~#aptitude update
– Buscamos nuestro paquete objetivo
root@vm-squeeze:~# aptitude search linux-imagev linux-image –
v linux-image-2.6 –
i linux-image-2.6-amd64 – Linux for 64-bit PCs (dummy package)
p linux-image-2.6-openvz-amd64 – Linux 2.6 for 64-bit PCs (meta-package), OpenVZ support
p linux-image-2.6-vserver-amd64 – Linux 2.6 for 64-bit PCs (meta-package), Linux-VServer support
p linux-image-2.6-xen-amd64 – Linux 2.6 for 64-bit PCs (meta-package), Xen dom0 support
i A linux-image-2.6.32-5-amd64 – Linux 2.6.32 for 64-bit PCs
p linux-image-2.6.32-5-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 2.6.32-5-amd64
p linux-image-2.6.32-5-openvz-amd64 – Linux 2.6.32 for 64-bit PCs, OpenVZ support
p linux-image-2.6.32-5-openvz-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 2.6.32-5-openvz-amd64
p linux-image-2.6.32-5-vserver-amd64 – Linux 2.6.32 for 64-bit PCs, Linux-VServer support
p linux-image-2.6.32-5-vserver-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 2.6.32-5-vserver-amd64
p linux-image-2.6.32-5-xen-amd64 – Linux 2.6.32 for 64-bit PCs, Xen dom0 support
p linux-image-2.6.32-5-xen-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 2.6.32-5-xen-amd64
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 – Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.3-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 3.2.0-0.bpo.3-amd64
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.3-rt-amd64 – Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.3-rt-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 3.2.0-0.bpo.3-rt-amd64
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 – Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-rt-amd64 – Linux 3.2 for 64-bit PCs, PREEMPT_RT
p linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-rt-amd64-dbg – Debugging infos for Linux 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-rt-amd64
p linux-image-amd64 – Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package)
p linux-image-openvz-amd64 – Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package), OpenVZ support
p linux-image-rt-amd64 – Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package), PREEMPT_RT
p linux-image-vserver-amd64 – Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package), Linux-VServer support
p linux-image-xen-amd64 – Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-package), Xen dom0 support
root@vm-squeeze:~#
– Instalamos nuestro paquete objetivo
root@vm-squeeze:~# aptitude -t squeeze-backports install linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.3-amd64
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
The following packages will be upgraded:
initramfs-tools linux-base
2 packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded.
Need to get 23.5 MB of archives. After unpacking 116 MB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?]
Get:1 http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ squeeze-backports/main initramfs-tools all 0.99~bpo60+1 [89.2 kB]
Get:2 http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ squeeze-backports/main linux-base all 3.4~bpo60+1 [34.1 kB]
Get:3 http://backports.debian.org/debian-backports/ squeeze-backports/main linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 amd64 3.2.32-1~bpo60+1 [23.4 MB]
Fetched 23.5 MB in 1min 39s (236 kB/s)
Reading changelogs… Done
apt-listchanges: Mailing root: apt-listchanges: news for vm-squeeze
Preconfiguring packages …
(Reading database … 37469 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace initramfs-tools 0.98.8 (using …/initramfs-tools_0.99~bpo60+1_all.deb) …
Unpacking replacement initramfs-tools …
Preparing to replace linux-base 2.6.32-46 (using …/linux-base_3.4~bpo60+1_all.deb) …
Unpacking replacement linux-base …
Selecting previously deselected package linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64.
Unpacking linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 (from …/linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64_3.2.32-1~bpo60+1_amd64.deb) …
Processing triggers for man-db …
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99~bpo60+1) …
Installing new version of config file /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools …
Installing new version of config file /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools …
Installing new version of config file /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf …
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-base (3.4~bpo60+1) …
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 (3.2.32-1~bpo60+1) …
Running depmod.
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
Generating grub.cfg …
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64
done
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools …
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
Current status: 20 updates [-2].
root@vm-squeeze:~#
Antes de reiniciar nuestra computadora o servidor para que levante nuestro flameante y recien instalado kernel vamos a verificar la versión del kernel que estamos corriendo:
root@vm-squeeze:#uname -a
Linux vm-squeeze 2.6.32.-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 10:07:46 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Ahora si reiniciar
root@vm-squeeze:~# reboot
Si en el arranque nada falla no nos topamos con algún Kernel Panic verificamos la versión de nuestro recién instalado Kernel
root@vm-squeeze:#uname -a
Linux vm-squeeze 3.2.0-0.bpo.3-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.32-1~bpo60+1 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Para mas información siempre esta disponible la documentación oficial de el equipo de Debian Backports -> http://backports-master.debian.org/Instructions/